GUIDE  TO  THE  EXHIBIT  OF  THE  TYPO- 
GRAPHIC LIBRARY  AND  MUSEUM  OF 
THE  AMERICAN  TYPE  FOUNDERS 
COMPANY  ATTHE  SECOND  NATIONAL 
PRINTING  EXPOSITION -GRAND  CEN- 
TRAL PALACE  • NEW  YORK  CITY 
APRIL  18  TO  25  • 1914 


TYPOGRAPHIC  LIBRARY  AND  MUSEUM  OF  THE 
AMERICAN  TYPE  FOUNDERS  COMPANY 

300  COMMUNIPAW  AVENUE,  JERSEY  CITY,  N.  J. 

TELEPHONE,  BERGEN  1145 


HIS  Library  contains  more  than  eight  thousand  books  and  pamphlets  relating  to  the  Art 
and  History  of  Printing,  including  examples  of  the  works  of  the  early  printers  of  all  countries, 
and  books  relating  to  relief  engraving  and  other  arts  allied  with  typography,  as  well  as  on 
journalism.  It  also  contains  colle&ions  of  Prints,  Medals,  Autographs  of  Celebrated  Printers, 
and  Ancient  Printing  Appliances.  The  object  is  to  collect  and  preserve  everything  typographic  that  may 
instruct  or  interest  printers,  by  illustrating  their  art  and  its  history,  and  to  create  an  authoritative  source  of 
information  on  all  matters  relating  to  printing. 

The  Typographic  Library  and  Museum  is  open  to  visitors  during  the  business  hours  of  the  Type 
Foundry.  A visit  to  the  Type  Foundry  and  the  Library,  which  are  in  the  same  building,  is  an  unfailing 
source  of  pleasure  to  printers  and  their  families,  and  there  are  few  (if  any)  who  depart  without  an 
increased  respect  for  Types  and  the  work  of  the  users  of  Types  from  Gutenberg  to  the  present  time. 
All  who  are  interested  in  typography  are  heartily  welcomed. 

HENRY  LEWIS  BULLEN 

April  18, 1914  Librarian 


Digitized  by  the  Internet  Archive 
in  2017  with  funding  from 

University  of  Illinois  Urbana-Champaign  Alternates 


https://archive.org/details/guidetoexhibitof00amer_0 


CATALOGUE  OF  THE  EXHIBIT 

The  items  in  this  Guide  are  arranged  for  the  convenience  of  visitors  in  the  order  in  which  they  are  displayed.  The  numbers  preceding  the 
items  indicate  the  case  or  frame  in  which  each  item  will  be  found. 

1 . Bronze  Bust  of  Franklin,  modelled  by  Boyle. 

n 

2.  Portrait  of  the  Founder  of  the  Typographic  Library  and  Museum,  Mr.  Robert  Wickham  Nelson,  President  of 
the  American  Type  Founders  Company. 

♦ 3.  Ancient  Hand  Printing  Press,  at  least  172  years  old,  probably  older.  On  this  type  of  press  the  finest  examples 

of  printed  books  were  executed. 

This  large  wooden  printing  press  is  known  to  have  been  in  use  in  Middleburg,  Holland,  by  Isaac  de  Winter,  printer,  who  commenced  business  in  1767.  He 
inherited  his  printing  business  from  relatives  who  were  printing  in  1742,  and  how  much  earlier  is  not  known.  In  1780  this  press  was  sold  to  Willem  Abrahams,  whose 
descendants  are  still  in  the  printing  business  in  Middleburg,  and  they  sold  this  press  to  the  Typographic  Library  and  Museum  in  1912.  Willem  Abrahams’  ledger,  in 
which  the  entry  of  the  purchase  was  made,  was  received  with  the  press,  which  was  in  the  possession  of  the  Abrahams  family  132  years.  In  the  great  procession  at  the 
coronation  of  Queen  Wilhelmina  this  press  was  exhibited  as  the  oldest  printing  press  in  Holland. 

а.  Elzevir  Imprint  in  bed  of  above  press.  The  largest  book  printed  by  the  celebrated  family  of  printers.  A law  book. 

Printed  on  a wooden  hand  press  of  the  exact  style  of  the  press  here  exhibited,  inked  with  inking  balls  of  sheepskin.  Note  the  accuracy  of  impression  and  even- 
ness of  color. 

3J.  Ramage  Press,  built  by  successor  of  Adam  Ramage,  first  press  builder  in  America,  established  1795. 

This  press  is  the  smallest  size  he  made.  All  the  smaller  commercial  printing  was  done  on  hand  presses  of  this  size  until  the  introduction  of  the  Ruggles  and 
Gordon  treadle  platen  presses  in  the  early  fifties  of  last  century. 

4.  BLOCK  PRINTING:  the  Method  used  before  the  invention  of  Types. 

ft  a.  The  Block.  d.  Baren  for  obtaining  the  impression  by  rubbing.  f.  Series  of  prints  illustrating  all  the  operations. 

b.  Tools  for  engraving.  e.  Japanese  print,  illustrating  the  method  of  printing  in  colors,  g.  Block  print  in  colors  on  silk. 

c . Brush  for  inking.  by  which  method  the  print  itself  was  produced. 

4.  The  First  Printed  Book:  A facsimile  of  the  Gutenberg  Bible,  printed  in  1450  in  Mainz. 

• A copy  on  vellum  was  sold  at  auction  in  New  York  two  years  ago  for  #50,000. 

5.  Certificate  Philadelphia  Typographical  Society,  Instituted  1802. 

б.  Aldus  Manutius  in  His  Printing  Plant,  Venice. 

7.  Franklin  at  the  Court  of  France,  1 778. 


5 


8.  Poster  of  Printers’  Banquet,  New  York,  January  17,  1853. 

9.  Horace  Greeley,  Colored  Lithograph. 

10.  William  Lloyd  Garrison,  Printer.  Wood  Engraving  by  E.  Kruell. 

11.  George  William  Childs.  Photograph  by  Brady,  1857. 

11J.  Bronze  Bust  of  Theodore  Low  De  Vinne. 

1 2.  Book  Printed  by  Peter  SchoefFer,  pupil  of  Gutenberg,  first  apprentice  of  the  printer’s  craft.  Clement  V.  Constitutiones> 
Mainz,  1476. 

SchoefFer  invented  the  mould  and  method  of  making  matrices  which  are  still  in  use.  The  SchoefFer  family  continued  to  print  until  1796,  a period  of  346  years. 

12.  First  Roman  Types  Ever  Used.  Donatus,  Commentarius  inTeretum,  printed  by  Wendelin  of  Spire,  Venice,  1469. 

12.  First  Roman  Types  Used  in  Germany;  also  the  first  book  in  which  a wood  engraving  was  printed  with  types. 
Isidorus,  Etymologiarum,  printed  by  Ginther  Zainer,  Augsburg,  Germany,  1472. 

The  book  is  opened  to  show  the  wood  engraving. 

13.  Archibald  Binny  (1762-1839),  type  founder  in  Philadelphia,  1796-1815. 

14.  James  Ronaldson  (1768-1841),  typefounder  in  Philadelphia,  1796-1822. 

15.  David  Bruce  (1770-1857),  printer  and  type  founder;  inventor  of  mahogany  blocks  and  first  plate-shaving  machine. 

16.  Old  New  York  Printing  Offices  and  Press  Manufactories. 

17.  Pictures  of  Old  New  York  Printing  Offices. 

18.  Old  Philadelphia  Printing  Plants  and  Type  Foundries. 

19.  The  First  Great  Illustrated  Book.  The  Nuremberg  Chronicle,  printed  by  Anthony  Coberger,  Nuremberg,  1493. 

This  book  has  more  than  1800  wood  cuts. 

19.  Great  Bible,  printed  by  Anthony  Coberger,  Nuremberg,  1480. 

19.  The  Cologne  Chronicle,  printed  in  Cologne,  1499. 

The  earliest  book  in  which  a valuable  historical  reference  is  made  to  the  invention  of  printing.  The  reference  is  on  page  312,  which  may  be  translated  thus:. "In 
the  year  of  our  Lord  known  as  MCCCCL,  which  was  a golden  year,  the  people  began  to  print,  and  the  first  book  printed  was  the  Bible  in  Latin,  and  it  was  printed 
with  a larger  type  than  that  they  print  missals  with.  Although  this  art  has  been  invented  in  Mentz,  viz.,  the  style  now  commonly  used,  the  prototype  of  it,  however, 
was  found  out  in  Holland,  for  the  Donates,  which  were  printed  there  long  before.  Moreover,  the  first  inventor  of  printing  has  been  a citizen  of  Mentz,  and  he  was 
bom  at  Straissburch,  and  was  named  Sir  Johan  Gudenburch.” 


6 


20. 


David  Bruce,  Jr.,  (1801-1892),  inventor  of  the  type-casting  machine. 

21.  Samuel  Nelson  Dickinson  (1801-1848),  who  established  the  Dickinson  Type  Foundry,  Boston. 

22.  Original  Drawing  of  Printer’s  Appliances,  drawn  in  1694,  with  the  copperplate  reproduction  of  same  year. 

22.  Three  Views  of  Ancient  Printing  Plants. 

23.  First  American  Engraving  of  a Printing  Press,  engraved  prior  to  1792. 

23.  Portraits  of  Early  American  Printers,  etc. 

24.  First  Beautiful  Roman  Types.  The  Eusebius,  the  first  book  printed  by  Nicolas  Jenson,  Venice,  1470. 

The  highest  authorities  agree  that  Jenson  created  a Roman  design  of  unsurpassed  beauty.  Jenson’s  work  excelled  all  the  printers  of  the  fifteenth  century. 

24.  First  Text  (Gothic)  Types  of  Jenson.  First  used  in  this  book,  St.  Augustine,  Of  the  City  of  God,  Venice,  1475. 

This  book  is  in  the  original  beautiful  binding  and  is  here  seen  in  the  exact  condition  in  which  it  left  Jenson’s  printing  plant. 

24.  Jenson’s  Last  Book.  Boniface  VIII,  Decretals,  printed  by  Nicolas  Jenson,  Venice,  1479. 

These  beautiful  text  types  were  cut  by  Jenson  in  two  sizes.  The  typography  of  this  book  approaches  perfection  in  the  disposal  of  the  white  spaces,  and  the  margins 
are  also  beautiful,  although  slightly  reduced  in  rebinding. 

25.  James  Conner  (1789-1861),  type  founder. 

26.  Augustus  Philip  Ladew  (1811-1881),  established  St.  Louis  Type  Foundry,  first  west  of  the  Mississippi,  in  1848. 

27.  Portraits  of  Distinguished  American  Printers. 

28.  Portraits  of  Distinguished  American  Printers. 

29.  First  Italic  Types.  Lucanius,  printed  by  Aldus  Manutius,  Venice,  1501. 

29.  First  Books  printed  by  Paul  Manutius,  son  of  Aldus,  in  his  printing  plant  in  Rome.  Three  separate  works  in  the 
same  format  are  in  this  volume,  all  by  Theodoretus:  In  Visiones  Danielis,  In  Cantico  Canticorum,  and  in  Ezechilem 
Prophetam,  printed  in  Rome  by  Paul  Manutius,  in  1562,  1563  and  1564. 

Very  beautiful  types,  admirably  used. 

29.  Ratdolt’s  Roman  Types.  Eusebius  Chronicon,  printed  by  Erhard  Ratdolt,  Venice,  1483. 

Ratdolt  was  distinguished  by  his  initials  and  borders  and  use  of  reds.  This  is  a rather  ordinary  specimen  of  Ratdolt’s  art,  but  good  nevertheless. 


7 


29.  Ratdolt’s  Text  (Gothic)  Types.  Astrolabium  Planum,  printed  by  Erhard  Ratdolt,  in  Augsburg,  in  1488. 

Beautiful  types  in  well  proportioned  pages,  the  front  margins  of  which  have  unfortunately  been  reduced  in  rebinding. 


29.  Book  printed  by  Schoeffer’s  nephew  and  successor.  Titus  Livius,  printed  by  Ives  Schoeffer,  Mainz,  1541. 

This  book  has  typographic  celebrity  because  of  the  preface,  written  by  the  printer,  in  which  it  is  acknowledged  that  Gutenberg  was  the  inventor  of  printing.  In 
part,  as  translated,  it  reads:  "Most  Mighty  King,  may  your  Royal  Majesty  graciously  receive  this  work,  which  first  was  put  into  German  for  your  glory,  and  for  the 
benefit  of  princes  and  lords,  also  the  communities  and  cities  of  the  German  nation,  and  was  made  up  and  printed  in  the  worthy  city  of  Mayence,  in  which  city  also 
the  wonderful  art  of  printing  was  first  invented  by  the  ingenious  Johann  Gutenberg  in  the  year  of  our  Lord  Christ  one  thousand  four  hundred  and  fifty,  and  subse- 
quently perfected  and  permanently  established  by  the  industry,  expense,  and  labor  of  Johann  Faust  and  Peter  Schoeffer  at  Mayence.  Wherefore  this  city  shall  be 
praised  and  glorified  (as  well  merited)  for  all  time  not  only  by  the  German  nation  but  by  all  the  world,  to  the  fair  enjoyment  of  its  citizens  and  inhabitants.” 

29.  Estienne  Imprints.  Dionis  Nicaei,  printed  in  Latin  and  Greek  by  Robert  Estienne  (or  Stephani),  Paris,  1551. 

The  initials  engraved  by  Geofroy  Tory.  Bound  in  vellum,  which  at  that  period  was  the  lowest  priced  binding.  The  Estienne  imprints  are  invariably  superior  both 
in  contents  and  typography. 


29.  Earliest  Book  on  Letter  Design.  Champfleury,  written  by  the  distinguished  printer  and  engraver,  Geofroy  Tory, 
Paris,  1829. 

30.  Baxter  Process  of  Oil-Color  Printing,  eight  examples. 

31.  Union  Printers’  Home,  Colorado  Springs,  Colorado. 

32.  Certificate  of  Membership  New  York  Typographical  Society,  instituted  1809. 

33.  Portrait  of  Hugh  Gaine  (1727-1807),  with  Autograph  Receipt  Signed. 

34.  First  Specimen  Broadside  of  William  Caslon,  1734.  This  is  the  only  copy  known  to  have  survived. 

35.  Horace  Greeley  and  Staff  of  the  Tribune  in  the  Early  Fifties. 

Bayard  Taylor,  Thomas  McElrath,  John  J.  Cleaveland,  Horace  Greeley,  George  N.  Snow,  George  Ripley,  Charles  A.  Dana.  A Brady  photograph. 

36.  Stereotype  Matrix  used  in  producing  the  first  issue  of  an  American  newspaper  printed  with  curved  plates,  New 
York  Tribune,  1861. 

37.  Horace  Greeley. 

38.  Certificate  of  Membership  Boston  Typographical  Society,  instituted  August  25,  1838. 


8 


East  End  of  Typographic  Library  and  Museum  of  the  American  Type  Founders  Company,  Jersey  City,  N.  J . 1914 


\ 


c x Y-X 


West  End  of  Typographic  Library  and  Museum  of  the  AmericanType  Founders  Company,  Jersey  City,  N.  J.,  1914 


39-  First  Daily  Paper  of  New  York,  "Daily  Advertiser,”  October  13,  1789. 

40.  First  Newspaper  West  of  the  Mississippi,  "Missouri  Gazette,”  July  26,  1808. 

41.  "The  Independent  Advertiser,”  Boston,  February  22,  1748. 

42.  Benjamin  Franklin’s  Paper,  the  "Pennsylvania  Gazette,”  October  26,  1761. 

43.  Inventory  of  Franklin’s  Printing  Plant,  1766.  Autograph  inventory  taken  for  Franklin  by  James  Parker,  his 
partner  in  New  York,  and  also  the  first  printer  of  New  Jersey. 

44.  First  Newspaper  in  South  Carolina,  "The  Gazette  of  South  Carolina,”  August  11,  1779. 

45.  Autograph  Letter  of  Benjamin  Franklin  engaging  David  Hall,  printer,  July  10,  1743. 

Hall  became  Franklin’s  partner  in  1844. 

46.  The  First  Newspaper  in  Salem,  Massachusetts,  "Essex  Gazette,”  November  i,  1768. 

47.  First  Issue  Boston  Evening  Transcript,  July  24,  1830. 

48.  Thomas  McKellar  (1812-1899),  printer-author  and  type  founder. 

49.  John  Kimball  Rogers  (1821-1888),  type  founder  of  Boston. 

50.  Portraits  of  Eminent  Printer- Authors. 

51.  Portraits  of  Distinguished  American  Printers. 

52.  Earliest  Printer’s  Text  Book.  Moxon’s  Mechanick  Exercises;  or,  The  Doctrine  of  Handy-Works,  applied  to  the 
Art  of  Printing,  London,  1683. 

An  admirable,  useful  work. 

52.  Earliest  German  Text  Book  of  Printing.  Die  Wol-eingerichtete  Buchdruckerey  (the  well-managed  printing  plant), 
by  Johann  Heinrich  Gottfried  Ernesti,  printed  by  Johann  Andrea  Endters,  Nuremberg,  1721. 

A second  improved  edition  was  issued  in  1733,  a copy  of  which  is  in  this  Library 

52.  Earliest  French  Text  Book  of  Printing.  La  Science  Pratique  de  l’Imprimerie,  by  Martin  Dominique  Fertel,  Saint 
Omer,  1723. 

An  admirable,  thorough  work. 


13 


52.  Earliest  American  Text  Book  of  Printing.  The  Printer’s  Guide,  by  C.  S.  Van  Winkle,  printer  to  the  University 
of  New  York,  New  York,  1818. 

Contains  much  information  relating  to  wage  scale  and  prices  of  printing  of  the  period  not  found  elsewhere.  Has  "Prices  of  Printing,  agreed  upon  by  the  Master 
Printers  of  the  City  of  New  York,  at  a meeting  held  the  18th  of  September,  1815” — an  early  cost  congress. 

52.  Early  French  Text  Book  of  Printing,  with  interesting  frontispiece,  showing  composing  and  press  room  of  the  period. 
L’Art  du  Typographic,  by  B.  Vincard,  Paris,  1806. 

52.  First  Printing  Office.  Photograph  of  the  Building  in  Mainz  in  which  Gutenberg  and  Faust  established  the  first 
printing  plant. 

52.  First  Picture  of  a Printing  Plant,  Paris,  1507;  the  printer’s  mark  of  Josse  Badius  Ascensius,  used  in  this  instance 
on  a title  page. 

The  compositor  holds  the  stick  in  the  wrong  hand.  This  error  was  corrected  the  following  year. 

52.  Earliest  Formal  Picture  of  a Printing  Plant,  1600. 

Very  rare;  only  three  copies  known;  one  each  in  British  Museum,  Bodleian  Library  (Oxford)  and  Typographic  Library  and  Museum  of  the  American  Type 
Founders  Company. 

52.  Earliest  Picture  of  Type  Founding,  1568. 

In  Jost  Amman’s  “Omnium  Illiberalium  Mechanicarum,”  Frankfort-on-Main,  1658.  A book  of  supreme  interest,  containing  132  pictures  of  the  occupations  of 
mankind.  The  editor  places  the  occupations  in  the  order  of  their  importance.  The  first  is  the  Pope,  the  last  the  beggar.  The  type  founder  is  sixteenth,  following  the 
banker,  and  the  printer  is  nineteenth. 

52.  Earliest  Picture  of  Paper  Making,  1568. 

This  is  also  in  Jost  Amman’s  celebrated  book,  which  had  its  second  edition  in  1674,  of  which  this  is  one.  The  paper  maker  is  twentieth  in  order  of  importance, 
according  to  the  editor. 

52.  Printing  Plant  in  Germany  in  1740. 

This  is  a two-page  frontispiece  to  Johann  Erhard  Kappen’s  Text  Book  of  printing  and  type  founding.  Buchdrucker-Kunst  and  Schriftgiessery,  Leipzig,  printed 
by  Christian  Friedrich  Gessner,  1740.  An  admirable  book  profusely  illustrated. 

53.  Henry  Barth  (1823-1907),  type  founder  and  inventor  of  Barth  Automatic  Type  Casting  Machine. 

54.  Carl  Schraubstadter  (1827-1897),  type  founder  of  St.  Louis. 

55.  Portraits  of  Distinguished  European  Printers. 

56.  Portraits  of  Celebrated  Early  Printers. 

57.  First  Type  Specimen  Book.  Type  Foundry  of  the  Vatican,  Rome,  1628. 

Previous  to  1628  and  afterward  type  founders  used  broadsides  to  display  their  types.  The  earliest  known  type  specimen  is  the  beautiful  broadside  of  Erhard 
Ratdolt,  i486.  Only  one  copy  has  been  preserved,  a facsimile  of  which  is  in  the  Typographic  Library  and  Museum. 


5 7*  First  English  Type  Specimen  Book.  Type  Foundry  of  the  University  of  Oxford,  Oxford,  1693. 

The  book  here  exhibited  is  the  only  perfect  copy  known.  A second  but  incomplete  copy  is  in  the  Bodleian  Library  at  Oxford.  No  other  copies  have  survived. 

57.  S.  P.  Fournier’s  Specimen  Book  of  1742,  issued  in  Paris. 

This  foundry  was  successor  in  direct  line  of  the  first  separate  type  foundry,  established  in  Paris  by  Garamond. 

57.  First  Specimen  Book  of  Point  Body  Types,  issued  by  P.  S.  Fournier,  inventor  of  the  system,  Paris,  1764. 

The  point  system  was  first  introduced  by  Fournier  in  1734.  P.  S.  Fournier  was  a cousin  of  S.  P.  Fournier,  but  they  operated  separate  type  foundries.  The  first 
b printed  description  of  the  point  system  is  described  on  pages  opened  below  the  specimen  book  in  this  case. 

57.  Caslon’s  First  Specimen  Book,  London,  1764,  issued  by  William  Caslon. 

Caslon  printed  two  specimen  books  in  1764,  both  of  which  are  in  the  Typographic  Library  and  Museum,  and  one  of  them  hitherto  unknown.  The  first  specimen 
^ of  Caslon  was  a broadside  issued  from  his  foundry  in  Ironmonger  Row  in  1734.  The  only  known  copy  of  this  broadside  is  in  the  Typographic  Library  and  Museum. 

57.  Luce’s  Specimen  Book  of  1771,  issued  by  L.  Luce,  Paris. 

A beautiful  book. 

57.  Early  Type  Founding  in  America. 

a.  Descripcion  del  Barren©  Ingles,  Mexico,  1770.  At  the  foot  of  the  title  page  is  a notice  to  the  effect  that  the  book  was  printed  with  types  made  in  the  City  of 
Mexico  by  Francis  Xavier  de  Ocampo,  at  the  expense  of  the  printer,  Joseph  de  Jauregui.  It  thus  appears  that  type  was  made  in  Mexico  earlier  than  in  English-speaking 
North  America,  a fact  that  has  quite  recently  been  discovered  by  typographic  historians. 

b.  Geistliches  Magazien,  printed  by  Christopher  Saur,  Germantown,  Pennsylvania.  No.  12,  printed  in  1770,  has  a foot  note:  "Gedruckt  mit  der  ersten  Schrift  die 
jemals  in  America  gegossen  worden” — printed  with  the  first  types  cast  in  America.  This  collection  of  the  Geistliches  Magazien  is  believed  to  be  the  only  one  in  exist- 
ence, and  until  recently  was  unknown  to  typographic  historians.  It  settles  a controversy  which  long  existed  relating  to  the  date  of  the  introduction  of  type  making  in 
North  America.  The  building  in  Germantown  in  which  type  was  first  cast  in  this  country  is  still  standing.  A picture  of  it  is  on  the  walls  of  this  exhibit. 

c.  FIRST  SPECIMEN  OF  TYPES  ISSUED  BY  AN  AMERICAN  PRINTER.  Facsimile  of  broadside  issued  in  1742  by  Christopher  Saur,  Germantown, 
Pennsylvania.  The  types  were  those  used  in  his  printing  plant,  the  first  to  use  German  types  in  America.  Some  historians  have  assumed  that  this  was  a specimen 
of  types  cast  by  Saur,  but  the  discovery  of  the  foot  note  to  No.  12  of  the  Geistliches  Magazien  referred  to  above  has  proved  the  fallacy  of  the  assumption. 

d.  FIRST  TYPE  FOUNDRY  IN  NEW  YORK.  Type  Specimen  Book  of  Adam  Gerard  Mappa,who  brought  his  type  foundry  from  Holland  in  1792,  and 
established  it  in  Greenwich  Street,  near  Thames  Street,  using  this  specimen  book  printed  in  Holland  in  1785.  He  sold  his  plant  to  Binny  fid  Ronaldson  in  1796,  and 

• became  agent  for  the  Holland  Land  Company,  which  founded  Batavia  and  Barneveld  in  New  York. 

e.  EARLIEST  SPECIMEN  BOOK  OF  AN  AMERICAN  TYPE  FOUNDRY.  "A  Specimen  of  Metal  Ornaments  cast  at  the  letter  foundry  of  Binny 
» fid  Ronaldson,  Philadelphia,  1809.”  Only  two  copies  have  survived,  both  mutilated. 

f.  EARLIEST  TYPE  SPECIMEN  BOOK  OF  AN  AMERICAN  TYPE  FOUNDRY.  "Specimen  of  Printing  Types  from  the  Foundry  of  Binny  fid 

* Ronaldson,  Philadelphia,  1812.”  Binny  fid  Ronaldson  were  the  first  successful  type  founders  in  America.  Their  plant  ultimately  became  world-famous  under  the 
title  of  MacKellar,  Smith  fid  Jordan,  and  is  to-day  a part  of  the  plant  of  the  American  Type  Founders  Company,  Jersey  City,  where  many  of  the  old  matrices  and  moulds 
are  preserved. 

58.  Master  Sculpture  of  the  De  Vinne  Medal  by  Brenner. 

The  actual  medal  is  a reduction  from  this  model,  which  represents  the  artist’s  finished  work. 

59.  Portrait  of  William  Lloyd  Garrison. 


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60.  Portrait  of  William  Lloyd  Garrison,  with  Poem  by  Lowell. 

61.  FIRST  TYPE  FOUNDRY  IN  NORTH  AMERICA,  established  by  Christopher  Saur,  in  Germantown,  Pa., 
in  1770. 

The  building  is  still  standing. 

62.  Oxford  University  Press,  Oxford,  England. 

63.  Benjamin  Franklin’s  Types.  Specimen  of  Script  Type  for  which  punches  were  cut  for  Franklin  in  1780-1781. 

This  is  the  only  surviving  specimen. 

64.  FRANKLIN’S  TYPE  FOUNDRY.  Specimen  of  Types  made  by  Franklin  in  the  type  foundry  he  brought 
from  Paris  to  Philadelphia  in  1785. 

This  is  the  sole  surviving  copy  of  this  interesting  specimen.  Franklin’s  Type  Foundry  eventually  came  into  the  possession  of  Binny  8C  Ronaldson,  whose  suc- 
cessor is  the  American  Type  Founders  Company. 

65.  Bronze  Statuette  of  Coster,  proto  typer  of  Holland. 

67.  First  Book  printed  from  stereotyped  plates.  Sallust,  printed  and  stereotyped  by  William  Ged,  inventor  of 
stereotyping  by  plaster  moulds,  Edinburgh,  Scotland,  1739. 

67.  First  Book  Stereotyped  in  America.  The  Larger  Catechism,  stereotyped  by  J.  Watts  & Co.,  June,  1813. 

67.  First  Electrotype  of  a Raised  Printing  Surface.  Fig.  63,  p.  92  of  Davis’  Manual  of  Magnetism,  Boston,  1841, 
was  the  first  electrotype  printed  typographically.  The  electro  typer  was  John  W.  Wilcox,  and  the  plant  he 
established  is  still  in  operation  in  Boston. 

67.  First  Book  Printed  in  Canada.  Regelment  de  la  Confrerie  de  1’ Adoration  Perpetuelle,  Montreal,  F.  Mesplet, 
printer,  1 776. 

67.  First  Types  set  by  Ben  Franklin.  A sermon  delivered  by  Thomas  Prince,  M.  A.,  Boston,  printed  by  James 
Franklin,  Boston,  1718. 

Early  in  that  year  Benjamin  began  his  apprenticeship,  and  doubtless  he  tried  his  prentice  hand  on  this  book. 

67.  First  Work  Done  by  Franklin  as  a Master  Printer.  The  History  of  the  Christian  People  called  Quakers, 
Philadelphia,  1728. 

Franklin  tells  us  that  he  set  the  types  and  his  partner  did  the  presswork;  also  that  one  evening  he  pied  the  form  that  was  ready  for  the  next  day’s  work,  and 

reset  it  the  same  night. 

67.  First  Book  Printed  in  German  Types  in  America.  Zionitischer  Weyrauchs  Hugel,  printed  by  Christopher 
Saur,  Germantown,  Pennsylvania,  1737. 

A i6mo  book  of  792  pages  and  14  pages  of  index. 


t 


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67.  Relics  of  Ancient  Typography. 

a.  THE  OLDEST  TYPES  IN  AMERICA.  The  types  in  bowl  were  dug  up  on  the  site  of  a printing  plant  established  in  Ephrata,  Pennsylvania,  in  1742,  and 
are  undoubtedly  the  oldest  types  in  America. 

b.  PART  OF  A COLLECTION  OF  ANCIENT  COMPOSING  STICKS;  one  is  dated  1645;  all  are  much  worn. 

c.  VISORUM  or  COPYHOLDER,  used  in  1683.  Printers  of  that  time  regarded  this  appliance  very  seriously.  Good  old  Moxon  thus  discourses: 

"Therefore  pricking  the  point  of  the  Visorum  upon  the  border  or  frame  of  the  case,  about  the  box,  they  fold  the  leaf  of  copy  so  as  the  bottom  of  it  may  rest  upon 

the  square  shoulder  near  the  bottom  of  the  Visorum;  then  with  two  pieces  of  seaboards  (reglet),  tied  together  at  one  end,  they  clasp  both  copy  and  Visorum  between 
these  two  seaboards,  which  pinch  the  copy  and  Visorum  fast  enough  to  keep  the  copy  in  its  place.” — Moxon’s  Mechanick  Exercises,  1683. 

d.  MOULD  AND  LADLE  FROM  LUTHER’S  CELEBRATED  TYPE  FOUNDRY  in  Frankfort,  from  which  the  earlier  German  printers  in  America 
procured  their  types.  The  types  in  bowl  are  probably  of  Luther’s  manufacture.  They  were  cast  in  moulds  of  this  description,  as  were  all  types  from  1450  to  1835. 
Exhibit  No.  70  is  the  model  of  the  first  successful  type-casting  machine,  invented  by  David  Bruce,  Jr.,  in  1835.  His  portrait  is  exhibit  No.  20. 

e.  WOOD  CUTS  OF  THE  EARLY  SIXTEENTH  CENTURY,  used  in  Holland  in  the  time  of  Plantin  and  the  Elzevirs,  but  undoubtedly  not  last  used 
by  them,  if  we  may  judge  by  their  well-worn  condition. 

f.  STEEL  PUNCHES  OF  ROMAN  TYPES,  cut  in  1764. 

g.  STEEL  PUNCHES  OF  SCRIPT  TYPES,  cut  in  1812. 

h.  LARGE  STEEL  PUNCHES  of  border,  corner,  and  cut  of  "Escaped  Slave.” 


67.  Medals  struck  in  honor  of  Printing  and  Printers. 

This  is  part  of  an  extensive  collection.  There  are  about  500  typographic  medals  known. 


68.  Giant  Newspaper.  "The  Universal  Yankee  Nation,”  quadruple  edition,  Boston,  Mass.,  Sept.  27,  1841,  largest 
newspaper  ever  printed. 

Size  each  page,  4 ft.  x 33^  ins.,  14  columns.  It  has  eight  pages  printed  on  one  sheet  of  paper  n ft.  2 in.  long  by  4 ft.  6 ins.  high,  and  the  matter  printed  on 
these  pages  is  equal  to  that  printed  on  40  pages  of  a New  York  daily  newspaper.  The  type  used  was  8 and  9 point,  14  picas  wide.  There  is  a large  wood  cut  of  the 
publication  office.  The  price  was  25  cents. 


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69.  Giant  Newspaper.  "The  Constellation,”  illustrated  quadruple  sheet,  New  York,  1859,  second  largest  newspaper 
ever  printed. 

Size  of  each  page,  46^4x31%  ins.,  13  columns,  8 pages,  printed  on  one  sheet  of  paper  50x35  ins.  The  type  used  is  8-point  size,  columns  14  picas  wide.  It  is  pro- 
fusely illustrated  with  fine  wood  cuts.  The  price  was  50  cents. 


ON  TABLE 


70.  Model  of  Type-Casting  Machine,  invented  by  David  Bruce,  Jr.,  in  1835. 

This  machine  was  the  first  to  supersede  the  hand  mould  shown  in  case  No.  67. 


71.  Bronze  Statuette  of  Franklin,  seated. 


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